CLUES 50* SPANISH - 50 STEPS - Grammar: * Special DIFFICULTIES * (VIII - IX - X

SINOPSIS

This book has not been written to compete either with school-textbooks, neither with SPANISH GRAMMAR books of 500 or 800 pages, aimed at University students and teachers.

This is a work directed to students and/or teachers of Primary and Secondary schools who wish to have compiled in 1 volume the numerous RULES and EXCEPTIONS - concerning Morphology and Syntax - which are "scattered" along the more than eighty lessons that may include studies of Primary and Secondary courses.

Due to the book format and number of pages this GRAMMAR provides EASY handling.

The structure and summary tables will be EASY to understand and memorize.

Because of its 40 pages about "Special Difficulties", and its 33 models of IRREGULAR verbs, you had wished to have been able to consult it long ago.

Its "INDEX" General “50 CLUES” and Alphabetical will make searching EASY.

The INDEX entitled “50 STEPS” is for structuring the teaching in 50 progressive steps from minor to greater difficulty.

The information given in the ANNEX about SPAIN will be also very useful for you all.

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miércoles, 21 de agosto de 2013

* Special DIFFICULTIES * (VIII - IX - X - XI)

VIII) Remember always the difference in Spanish between words for NOUNS and words for VERBS since in English can be very similar.

CONSEJO – aviso – noticia	An ADVICE
ACONSEJAR – avisar - advertir	To ADVISE
CREENCIA – credo religioso	A BELIEF
CREER – en Dios – ovnis – hadas...	To BELIEVE – in God – UFO – fairies...

IX) Pay extra attention to words which - in English - only have ONE different letter but, of course, may have so different meanings.

PRECIO	PRICE
PREMIO	PRIZE
TIEMPO atmosférico	WEATHER
SI ..... o no. (forma condicional)	WHETHER we go or NOT .....
CARNERO castrado	WETHER
ESTACIONARIO	STATIONARY (adverb)
MATERIALES para escribir	STATIONERY (noun)

X) Strange is the way that – in English – is used the word LIKE which besides being the verb “ GUSTAR ” (page 88) is also used as a noun “ GUSTO ”, and also as … an ADJECTIVE !!! which in Spanish must be translated as “SEMEJANTE – parecido – similar – como ”.

Me GUSTAN las rosas.	I LIKE roses. (verb)
Ella tiene GUSTOS raros.	She has uncommon LIKES. (noun)
Él tiene un montón de AVERSIONES.	He has a lot of DISLIKES. (noun)
El hijo se PARECE a su padre.	The son looks LIKE his father (adjectv)

XI) English people may use two NOUNS to Express concepts or ideas for which – in Spanish – we use only one.

CIELO (físico)	SKY – The sky is clear today.
CIELO (metafísico)	HEAVEN - Atheists do not believe…
CERDO (animal vivo)	PIG – The herdsman look after his pigs.
CERDO (comida en restaurante)	PORC - May I have a sirloin of porc?.
VELA (para alumbrar)	CANDLE – Like a candle in the wind.
VELA (de barco )	a SAIL // to SAIL (navegar)
PIEL (de personas)	SKIN – Children have delicate skin.
PIEL (curtida)	LEATHER – I bought a leather bag.
PIELes (animal)	FUR – You shouldn’t buy a fur coat.
CARNE (animales muertos)	MEAT - You should eat less meat.
CARNE (de personas y animales vivos)	FLESH - My son, flesh of my flesh!
MUÑECA (juguete)	DOLL - I loved dolls.
MUÑECA (articulación brazo - mano)	WRIST - He has broken his wrist.